____ _ _ _ _
| _ \ ___ | |_ (_) _ __ ___ __| | (_) __ _
| |_) | / _ \ | __| | | | '_ \ / _ \ / _| | | | / _ |
| _ < | __/ | |_ | | | |_) | | __/ | (_| | | | | (_| |
|_| \_\ \___| \__| |_| | .__/ \___| \__,_| |_| \__,_|
|_|
- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b
Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―
Klastogen
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
top
Ein Klastogen ist ein Gift, welches Chromosomenaberrationen durch Bruch eines Chromosoms hervorruft oder induziert, durch den Teile eines Chromosoms verloren gehen oder einem anderen hinzugefΓΌgt werden oder die BruchstΓΌcke neu angeordnet werden kΓΆnnen.cite-ref-assay-1-0[1]cite-ref-2[2]
Dieser Vorgang kann als eine Form der Mutagenese verstanden werden und kann zu Karzinogenese oder Missbildungen fΓΌhren, da das Erbgut von Zellen, die durch den klastogenen Effekt nicht abgetΓΆtet werden, verΓ€ndert werden kann: Klastogene kΓΆnnen mutagen oder kanzerogen wirken, je nachdem, ob die Wirkung innerhalb der Keimbahn an eine Nachfolgegeneration weitergegeben wird oder ob sich in somatischen Zellen ein Tumor entwickelt.cite-ref-3[3]
Vermutete oder identifizierte Klastogene sind:
HΓ€ufiger Kontakt mit Klastogenen erhΓΆht die Wahrscheinlichkeit abnormaler Spermien und EntwicklungsstΓΆrungen der mit ihnen gezeugten FΓΆten.
Contents
β’ Testverfahren
β’ Einzelnachweise
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
Testverfahren
Einzelnachweise
cite-note-assay-11. β Rosefort C., E. Fauth, H. Zankl: Micronuclei induced by aneugens and clastogens in mononucleate and binucleate cells using cytokinesis block assay. In: Mutagenesis, Band 19, 2004, S. 277β284.
cite-note-22. β "This leads to the conclusion that a chemical that fails to induce a significant response in an in vitro clastogenicity assay is unlikely to be clastogenic in vivo, in bone marrow assays." Rose, John. (1988). Environmental Toxicology: Current Developments, S. 64.
cite-note-33. β "Cells were treated with both mutagenic (causing gene mutations) and clastogenic (causing chromosome aberrations) compounds." Comparison of clastogen-induced gene expression profiles in wild-type and DNA repair-deficient Rad54/Rad54B cells. BMC Genomics, Band 11, 2010, S. 24, doi:10.1186/1471-2164-11-24.
cite-note-odunola-44. β Oyeronke A. Odunola, Aliyu Muhammad, Ahsana D. Farooq, Kourosh Dalvandi, Huma Rasheed, Muhammad I. Choudhary, Ochuko L. Erukainure: Comparative assessment of redox-sensitive biomarkers due to acacia honey and sodium arsenite administration in vivo. In: Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 6, Nr. 2, 2013, S. 119β126, doi:10.1007/s12349-013-0127-1.
cite-note-55. β Erich Gebhart, Ruben M. Arutyunyan: Principles of clastogenic action and its estimation. In: Anticlastogens in Mammalian and Human Cells. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991, S. 7β30.
cite-note-66. β Jorma Maeki-Paakkanen, PΓ€ivi Kurttio, Anna Paldy, Juha Pekkanen: Association between the clastogenic effect in peripheral lymphocytes and human exposure to arsenic through drinking water. In: Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 32, Nr. 4, 1998, S. 301β313.
cite-note-88. β Benkt HΓΆgstedt, Emma Bergmark, Margareta TΓΆrnqvist, Siv Osterman-Golkar: Chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei in lymphocytes in relation to alkylation of hemoglobin in workers exposed to ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. In: Hereditas 113, Nr. 2, 1990, S. 133β38. doi:10.1111/j.1601-5223.1990.tb00076.x (freier Volltext).
cite-note-1010. β https://www.oecd.org/env/test-no-473-in-vitro-mammalian-chromosomal-aberration-test-9789264264649-en.htm